Kidney stone surgery is a medical procedure used to remove or break down stones (hard deposits of minerals like calcium) that form in the kidneys or urinary tract and cannot pass naturally through urine.

Here’s a simple overview 👇

🩺 What are kidney stones?

Kidney stones are solid crystal-like masses that form in the kidneys due to concentrated urine or mineral buildup. They can cause severe pain, burning urination, blood in urine, and infection if not treated.

⚕️ Types of Kidney Stone Surgery

  1. ESWL (Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy)

Non-invasive procedure.

Uses shock waves to break stones into small pieces that pass through urine.

Usually done under mild anesthesia.

  1. URS (Ureteroscopy)

A thin tube (ureteroscope) is inserted through the urinary tract to remove or laser-break the stone.

Suitable for stones in the ureter or lower kidney.

  1. PCNL (Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy)

Minimally invasive surgery done through a small incision in the back.

Used for large or complex stones in the kidney.

Performed under general anesthesia.